Brief analysis of laser perforation process

Laser perforation can be divided into blast perforation and pulse perforation.

Blasting perforation:

After the material is irradiated by a continuous laser, a pit is formed in the center, and then the molten material is quickly removed by an oxygen flow coaxial with the laser beam to form a hole. Generally, the size of the hole is related to the thickness of the plate. The average diameter of the blasting perforation is half of the thickness of the plate. Therefore, the diameter of the blasting perforation for thicker plates is larger and not round, so it should not be used on parts with higher requirements (such as oil screen slit pipes). ), can only be used on scrap. In addition, since the oxygen pressure used for perforation is the same as that for cutting, the splash is larger.

Pulse perforation:

In order to obtain better cutting quality, fiber laser cutting generally adopts the pulse perforation method. Pulse perforation uses a pulsed laser with high peak power to melt or vaporize a small amount of material. Air or nitrogen is often used as an auxiliary gas to reduce the expansion of the hole due to exothermic oxidation. The gas pressure is lower than the oxygen pressure during cutting. Each pulsed laser only produces small particle jets, which gradually penetrate deeper, so that the diameter of the perforation is smaller, and less slag is sprayed, and the perforation quality is better than that of blasting perforation. After the perforation is completed, the auxiliary gas is immediately replaced with oxygen for cutting, which can make the cutting start more stable.

Piercing method guide:

1. The peak power is as high as possible, which can improve the perforation efficiency;

2. On the premise that the laser spot will not hit the nozzle, the perforation focus is appropriately reduced;

3. The oxygen perforation air pressure is equivalent to the cutting air pressure;

4. Add stop light blowing between multi-stage perforation, and it is not easy to burst holes.