Application of Laser Technology in Medical Field

Laser systems used in dentistry are divided into several different laser systems according to the different roles of lasers in dental applications. One of the important features that distinguish lasers is the wavelength of light. Different wavelengths of lasers have different effects on tissues. The light in the visible light and near-infrared spectral range has low light absorption and strong penetrability, which can penetrate into the dental tissue more than Deep sites, such as argon-ion lasers, diode lasers or Nd:YAG lasers (Figure 1). For Er:YAG laser and CO, the light penetration of laser is poor, and it can only penetrate about 0.01 mm of tooth tissue. Two important characteristics that distinguish lasers are their intensity (ie, power), such as diode lasers used in diagnostics, which are only a few milliwatts in intensity, and are sometimes used in laser displays as well.

The laser used for treatment, usually a moderate-intensity laser of several watts. The effect of laser on tissue also depends on the emission mode of laser pulse. Typical continuous pulse emission lasers include: argon ion laser, diode laser, CO2, laser; lasers emitted in short pulse mode include: Er:YAG laser Or many Nd:YAG lasers, short-pulsed lasers with an intensity (ie, power) of 1,000 watts or more, these high-intensity, light-absorbing lasers are only suitable for removing hard tissue.

Laser Beauty

(1) The use of lasers in the beauty industry is becoming more and more extensive. Pigmentation, such as Ota nevus, port-wine stains, freckles, age spots, telangiectasia, etc., as well as tattoo removal, eyeliner washing, eyebrow washing, scar treatment, etc. Before 2013, some new lasers, high-energy ultra-pulsed CO2 laser, Erbium laser has achieved good results in wrinkle removal, skin resurfacing, treatment of snoring, teeth whitening, etc., opening up a wider and wider field for laser surgery.

(2) Laser surgery has incomparable advantages over traditional surgery. First of all, laser surgery does not require hospitalization, the surgical incision is small, there is no intraoperative bleeding, the trauma is light, and there is no scar. For example, the traditional surgical method for the treatment of eye bags has shortcomings such as wide peeling, heavy intraoperative bleeding, slow postoperative healing, and easy formation of scars. No sutures are required, it does not affect normal work, the edema of the surgical site is light, the recovery is fast, and there are no scars, which are incomparable to traditional surgery. Some endoscopic surgeries that cannot be performed due to excessive bleeding can be replaced by laser cutting. (Note: there is a certain range of adaptation)

(3) Laser has excellent results in the treatment of vascular skin diseases and pigmentation. The use of pulsed dye laser in the treatment of port-wine stains has a remarkable curative effect, with little damage to the surrounding tissue and almost no scarring. Its appearance has become a revolution in the history of port-wine stain treatment, because in the history of port-wine stain treatment, radiation, cryotherapy, electrocautery, surgery and other methods have a high incidence of scarring, and often depigmentation or deposition. Laser treatment of vascular skin diseases utilizes the selective absorption of a certain wavelength of laser light by oxygenated hemoglobin, which results in a high degree of damage to vascular tissue. It is highly accurate and safe and will not affect surrounding adjacent tissues. Therefore, laser treatment of telangiectasia is also effective.

In addition, due to the advent of variable pulsed lasers one after another, major breakthroughs have been made in the removal of unsatisfactory tattoos and the treatment of various pigmented skin diseases such as Ota nevus and age spots. This type of laser is based on the theory of selective photothermal effect (that is, lasers of different wavelengths can selectively act on skin lesions of different colors), using its powerful instantaneous power, highly concentrated radiation energy and pigment selectivity, and extremely short pulses. Wide, make the laser energy concentrate on the pigment particles, vaporize them directly, crush them, and excrete them through the lymphatic tissue without affecting the surrounding normal tissues, and it has exact curative effect, safe and reliable, no scar, small pain and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

(4) Laser surgery has created a new era of medical beauty. High-energy ultra-pulsed CO2 laser skin resurfacing has opened up new technologies in cosmetic surgery. It uses high-energy, extremely short-pulse laser to instantly vaporize aging and damaged skin tissue without damaging surrounding tissue, almost no bleeding during the treatment process, and precise control of the depth of action. Its effect has been fully affirmed by the international medical plastic and cosmetic industry, and is known as "creating a new era of medical beauty"; in addition, there is a high-energy ultra-pulse CO2 laser for the treatment of eye bags, snoring, and even laser teeth whitening. Simple and quick treatment has created one miracle after another in the medical aesthetics world. Laser cosmetology has made a big step forward in medical cosmetology, and endowed it with updated connotations.

Laser Mole Removal

The principle of laser mole removal is to place the huge energy of the laser in the pigmented tissue in an instant, to break and decompose the pigment, so that it can be swallowed up by macrophages, and then excreted with the lymphatic circulation system. This achieves the purpose of removing the pigment.

There are many types of moles that can be applied to laser mole removal, such as the three types of pigmented moles mentioned above, moles of Ota, and port wine stains. Black moles can also be removed with a carbon dioxide laser.

laser treatment for myopia

Patients with the following conditions are not suitable for laser treatment:

1. Active ocular inflammation and lesions; 2. Periocular purulent lesions; 3. Diagnosed keratoconus; 4. Severe dry eye syndrome with systemic Sj?gren's syndrome; 5. Central cornea Thickness less than 450μm; sixth. Severe ocular adnexal lesions: eyelid defect, deformation, chronic dacryocystitis, etc.; seventh. Systemic connective tissue disease and severe autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid joints inflammation, multiple sclerosis.

Relative contraindications

1. Very high myopia with posterior scleral staphyloma; 2. Care should be taken if the average corneal central curvature is lower than 39D or higher than 47D before the initial operation; 3. The pupil diameter is greater than 7mm under dark light; 4. The contralateral eye is legally blind 5. Herpes simplex keratitis within 2 years; 6. Mild cataract; 7. History of retinal detachment and macular hemorrhage; 8. Mild dry eye; 9. Mild palpebral insufficiency; 10. Suspected glaucoma Patients; 11. Menstrual period and pregnancy; 12. Scar constitution; 13. Diabetes; 14. Physical discomfort such as cold and fever; 15. Epilepsy; 16. Anxiety, depression, and those who have high expectations for surgery.

Laser wrinkle removal

Laser wrinkle removal is a computer-controlled, low-energy carbon dioxide laser, which can accurately control the depth of the vaporized skin surface, and complete the layered vaporization, non-carbonized facial wrinkle skin care technology. The technology used by laser to eliminate wrinkles is the result of several improvements, perfections and constant updates after laser technology is applied in clinical practice.

Principle: The main cause of wrinkles is the reduction of skin collagen and the thinning of the dermis. Using the latest laser-radio frequency combined technology to irradiate the skin can thicken the dermis and reduce wrinkles. The principle is: stimulate the damaged collagen layer to generate new collagen, thereby filling the skin with wrinkles due to collagen reduction; heating The dermis tissue layer uses the body's own repair function to stimulate tissue regeneration and reconstruction, so that the dermis layer thickens.

A reasonably designed laser can absorb the energy released by the laser through the melanin, hemoglobin, especially water in the skin, and generate a photothermal effect to convert it into heat, thereby activating various stromal cells such as fibroblasts in the dermis to produce new collagen, Elastin and various intercellular matrices, and tissue remodeling occurs, just like exercising for lazy skin, making it rejuvenated through exercise. After several treatments, the skin's moisture content and elasticity are increased, its texture is improved, and fine wrinkles are reduced.

Indications: 1. Primary symptoms: [3] Perioral wrinkles, periorbital wrinkles, atrophic (depressed) scars, benign skin growths (tumors); 2. Rough skin, large pores, fine wrinkles and other skin aging Manifestations and inflammatory acne or post-acne scars, etc.

High-energy ultra-pulsed lasers minimize thermal damage to surrounding tissue. Tiny wrinkles and sunken scars can also be sharpened with precision. Ultra-pulse laser can avoid the previous mechanical dermabrasion and chemical peeling, which is more bleeding, splashing blood and tissue fines can make the virus spread between patients and patients, and between patients and medical staff. The skin is damaged, and the thermal damage of the normal skin is extremely small. The action time of this process is faster than the time required for the surrounding normal tissue to be heated, and it has the function of microdermabrasion and wrinkle removal.